主题：Does FDI Have a Social Demonstration Effect in Developing Economies?
外商直接投资在发展中经济体中是否会产生社会示范效应？
主讲人：澳大利亚莫纳什大学商学院 许德音教授
主持人：工商管理学院 王庆涛副教授
时间：2025年11月18日（周二）10: 00
举办地点：诚正楼1122会议室
主办单位：工商管理学院 科研处
主讲人简介：
Dean Xu (许德音) 是莫纳什大学商学院管理学教授。许教授于加拿大约克大学商学院获得博士学位。此前，他曾任教于北京大学、香港大学、中欧国际工商学院及墨尔本大学。许教授的研究兴趣包括跨国公司战略、中国公司战略、新兴经济体企业及组织理论。其研究成果发表在多种顶级管理学期刊上，如 Academy of Management Journal、Academy of Management Review、Administrative Science Quarterly、Journal of International Business Studies 及 Strategic Management Journal。
内容简介：
We hypothesize that foreign direct investment (FDI) benefits female entrepreneurs in developing economies through a "social demonstration effect" namely, by exhibiting norms and practices supporting female development and promoting women's role in business. Results based on data from 44,418 firms in 91 developing economies show that, at the country level, increased employment share of foreign invested firms has a positive association with women's entrepreneurship, namely, it boosts the presence of female leaders in new ventures and small businesses, as foreign firms help break local conventions unfavorable to female entrepreneurs. This positive impact is more evident when women face greater institutional barriers. However, at the industry level, foreign employment share becomes nonsignificant, and it has a negative association with the presence of female entrepreneurs in countries where women face greater barriers. We reason that this is due to occupational competition: The more disadvantaged women are in a country, the greater the advantage foreign firms possess in attracting women to work for foreign firms instead of pursuing their own entrepreneurial opportunities. The practical implication of our study is that governments can reformulate FDI policies with a view to fostering women's entrepreneurship.
我们提出如下假设：外国直接投资通过“社会示范效应”对发展中经济体的女性创业者产生积极影响——即通过展现支持女性发展、提升女性商业地位的规范与实践。基于91个发展中经济体44,418家企业数据的分析结果显示：在国家层面，外资企业就业份额的增长与女性创业活跃度呈正相关，具体表现为外资企业有助于打破不利于女性创业者的传统观念，从而提升新创企业和小型企业中女性领导者的比例。当女性面临更严重的制度性障碍时，这种积极影响尤为显著。然而在行业层面，外资就业份额的影响变得不显著，且在女性面临更多障碍的国家中，外资就业份额与女性创业者存在呈现负相关。我们推断这源于职业竞争效应：女性在一国所处环境越不利，外资企业在吸引女性成为雇员而非自主创业方面的优势就越明显。本研究的实践意义在于，政府可考虑从促进女性创业的角度调整外国直接投资政策。
